Mark Queen Bee 101: A Guide to Marked Queens

The process of beekeeping demands precision, and visual identification of the queen bee is paramount for successful hive management. The **mark queen bee** technique provides a reliable method for beekeepers to quickly locate the queen within a bustling colony. The **American Beekeeping Federation** advocates for responsible beekeeping practices, including understanding the subtle nuances of queen bee marking. Various marking kits are available on the market, providing tools that support the careful application of non-toxic paint for clear identification. **Sue Cobey’s** extensive research on honey bee genetics underscores the importance of monitoring queen health and performance, making the ability to mark queen bee crucial for effective apiary management.

Mark Queen Bee 101: A Guide to Marked Queens

Marking your queen bee can seem daunting at first, but it’s a valuable skill for any beekeeper. This guide breaks down the process, explaining the benefits and how-tos in a clear and accessible manner.

• Why Mark Your Queen Bee? The Advantages Explained

  Before diving into the ‘how,’ let’s discuss the ‘why.’ Marking your queen bee offers several significant advantages:

  • Easy Identification: Spotting a marked queen amidst thousands of bees is significantly easier than finding an unmarked one. This saves time and reduces stress during inspections.
  • Age Determination: Marking allows you to track the age of your queen. Queen bees typically live for 3-5 years, and knowing her age helps you anticipate when she might need replacing. A color-coded system, described below, helps keep track of queen age year to year.
  • Swarm Management: If you find a marked queen after a swarm, you’ll know if it’s your original queen or a newly emerged one. This is crucial for swarm management and decision-making.
  • Performance Tracking: Linking the marked queen to hive health and honey production helps evaluate her performance. If a marked queen consistently oversees a weak hive, it’s a sign she may need to be replaced.
• The International Color Code: Your Queen’s Birthday Suit

  Beekeepers worldwide use a standardized color code to indicate the year a queen was born (and marked). This makes it simple to know the queen’s age, even if you acquire a colony from someone else. The color system rotates every five years:

  Year Ending In:	Color:
  1 or 6	White
  2 or 7	Yellow
  3 or 8	Red
  4 or 9	Green
  5 or 0	Blue

  For example, a queen marked in 2024 will be green, and a queen marked in 2025 will be blue. It’s a simple yet effective system.

• Choosing Your Marking Method: Paint Pens vs. Numbered Tags

  There are two main methods for marking queen bees:

  • Paint Pens: These are specifically designed for marking insects and use non-toxic, quick-drying paint. They are the most common and affordable option.
  • Numbered Tags: These small, lightweight tags are glued to the queen’s thorax. They offer the advantage of individual identification, allowing for detailed record-keeping and genealogy tracking. However, they are more expensive and require more skill to apply.

  For beginners, paint pens are generally recommended due to their ease of use and lower cost.

• Gathering Your Supplies: A Checklist

  Before you begin, make sure you have everything you need:

  1. Marking Paint Pen (correct color for the year): Ensure it is a purpose-made bee marking pen.
  2. Queen Catcher: This small device gently confines the queen, making her easier to handle.
  3. Soft Brush: For gently guiding the queen.
  4. Soft Foam Block: Some queen catchers use a soft foam block to gently hold the queen in place.
  5. Magnifying Glass (optional): Can be helpful for precise marking.
  6. Clean Paper Towels: For cleanup.
• The Marking Process: Step-by-Step Instructions

  Now for the hands-on part! This process requires a gentle touch and a steady hand. Practice makes perfect. Many beekeepers will practice using drones before working with the queen.

  1. Isolate the Queen: Gently locate the queen within the hive. Use a queen catcher to isolate her.
  2. Position the Queen: Gently press the queen catcher against the comb, trapping her inside. Use the foam block if your catcher has one, to hold the queen gently against the mesh, while leaving her thorax exposed.
  3. Apply the Mark: Using the marking pen, apply a small, single dot of paint to the *center* of the queen’s thorax. Avoid getting paint on her wings or legs. A small dot is all that is required.
  4. Allow to Dry: Let the paint dry for a few seconds before releasing the queen.
  5. Release the Queen: Carefully release the queen back into the hive, near the brood nest. Observe her briefly to ensure the other bees accept her.
• Troubleshooting: Common Issues and Solutions

  Sometimes things don’t go exactly as planned. Here are some common issues and how to address them:

  • Queen is agitated: Move slowly and gently. If she becomes too agitated, release her and try again later.
  • Paint smeared: Clean the area with a dry paper towel and try again. It’s crucial the queen can fly without issues.
  • Bees reject the queen: Monitor the hive closely. If rejection persists, consider requeening with an unmarked queen.

So, there you have it! Hopefully, this guide has given you a good understanding of why and how to mark queen bees. Remember, a well-marked queen bee makes hive management a whole lot easier and can save you precious time and resources in the long run. Happy beekeeping!